Amoniyamu y'agaciro kanini (APP): Igikoresho gikomeye gikora cane

Ivy'ishimikiro n'ibiranga

Igizwe n'imiti: APP irimwo 30% - 32% vy’umunyu w’amazi n’ibice 14% - 16% vy’umunyu w’amazi. Iryo huriro ry’azote - fosifore rituma rigira akamaro kanini mu bikorwa vyinshi, nk’ugutanga ingaburo zikenewe kugira ngo ibitegwa bikure mu mfumbire no gushika ku ntumbero nziza yo gukingira umuriro biciye mu ngaruka z’ubufatanye za fosifore na azote mu bikorwa bishobora gukingira urubeya.
Ugushikama kw'ubushuhe: Kubera ubushuhe bwo kubora bw’ubushuhe ≥280°C, APP iguma ihagaze mu bidukikije vy’ubushuhe bwinshi. Ivyo bituma bishobora gukoreshwa mu guhingura ibintu bishobora guhangana n’ubushuhe nk’amapulasitike y’ubuhinga n’ibintu bishobora guhangana n’umuriro bikoreshwa mu bihe vy’ubushuhe bwinshi.
Uburyo bw'umubiri n'ubushobozi bwo gusenyuka: Urugero rw’uguhinduka kw’ibintu rugira ico rukoze ku kuntu bishobora gusenyuka mu mazi. Iyo n ari 10 - 20, ni amazi - ashobora gusenyuka; iyo n > 20, ntiyinyura neza. Ibintu bimenyerewe vy’amapolymere menshi (n>1000) hafi ntibishobora gusenyuka mu mazi, bibaho nk’amafu yera ashobora gusenyuka afise uburemere bugera kuri 0.7g/cm3, uburemere bugera kuri 1.9g/cm3, pH iri hafi - nuture y’ibirimwo a -7.0 n’uburemere bwa -7.0. ≤0,25%.

Ibisabwa bikomeye

Ivyuma bizibira urubeya: Ishingiro rya Halogen - Ivyuma bizibira urubeya ku buntu
APP ni ikintu gihambaye cane gikoreshwa mu gutuma umuriro udatera, kikaba kigenda kirushiriza kumenyekana mu gutegura ibikoresho bishobora gukingira umuriro bitagira ingaruka ku bidukikije kandi bifise ubumara buke.

Ivyuma bishobora gukingira umuriro: Bikoreshwa cane mu guhingura ivyuma bishobora gukingira umuriro. Iyo umuriro ushitse, APP irabora iyo ishushe, ivyo bikaba bituma iyo mpuzu igwira maze igahingura igice c’impuzu gifise utunogo. Ico gipande c’umuyagankuba gikora nk’intambamyi y’ubushuhe, kikabuza neza ubushuhe gushika ku gitereko c’imbere, kigatuma ubushuhe bugenda buhoro buhoro, gutyo kigatuma umuntu aronka umwanya wo gukura abakozi no kuzimya umuriro. Mu bihe bifise ibisabwa vyinshi cane vyo gukingira umuriro, nk’inyubakwa ziteye hejuru cane, ibikoresho vy’amashanyarazi, n’ubwato, ivyo bipfukisho birafise uruhara runini mu gukingira umuriro kubera igikorwa ca APP.

Ivyuma vy’Imipira n’Ibikoresho vy’Imipira: Kwongera APP ku bikoresho vy’imipira bikoreshwa n’ubushuhe nka polyethylene na polypropylene, hamwe n’ibikoresho vy’imipira, birashobora gutuma ibikoresho bishobora guhagarika umuriro cane. Mu bikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none n’ivy’amashanyarazi, ibihimba vy’imbere mu modoka, n’imipira y’ivyuma n’imirongo, APP irabuza ugukomeza umuriro mu guhingura igice c’umuyagankuba gikomeye ku ruhande rw’ibintu biciye ku buryo bwo guhagarika urubeya, buhuye n’ingingo ngenderwako y’urubeya rw’ibintu bikoreshwa mu nganda.
Inyuguti n’Impuzu: Bikoreshwa mu gukingira umuriro inyuguti n’impuzu. Inyuma yo gukoreshwa na APP, intsinga n’ibitambaro ntivyoroshe guturika iyo bihuye n’isoko y’umuriro, bikagabanya ingorane zo gukwiragira kw’umuriro mu bibanza binini bitewe n’impuzu ziri mu muriro. Akenshi ikoreshwa mu bikoresho nk’ibitambaro vyo ku kazi, amabarabara, n’amatapi kugira ngo umuriro ushobore gukingira ahantu abantu bose n’impuzu zo mu nzu.

Inganda z'ifumbire: Igikoresho ciza kandi gikora vyinshi gitwara ingaburo
Igikoresho nyamukuru co gukoresha mu gutegura ifumbire zishobora gusenyuka mu mazi: Ni igikoresho nyamukuru co gutegura ifumbire zishobora gusenyuka mu mazi. Cane cane low - polymer APP, n’uburyo bwiza bwo gusenyuka, guhuza, n’ubushuhe buke bwo guhinduka ikibiriti, iba igihimba ciza cane c’ifumbire y’amazi. Ishobora gukoreshwa mu gutegura ifumbire y’amazi irimwo phosphore nyinshi, kandi pH yayo iri hafi - y’ubutabera ituma iba nziza cane ku bihingwa. Ishobora gutuma ions z’ivyuma nka calcium, magnesium, iron na zinc zigira chelate, ivyo bikaba bituma izo ions zidashobora gukora ibisigazwa vy’ifumbire, bigatuma ifumbire iguma ihagaze neza. Muri ico gihe nyene, bituma phosphore n’ibindi bihimba vy’umubiri bishobora gukora neza, bikaba bishobora gufatwa neza no gukoreshwa n’ibiterwa, bikaba bituma ifumbire zikora vyinshi kandi zigatuma ibiterwa bikeneye ingaburo mu bice bitandukanye vy’ukukura.

Igihe kirekire - Ikora Buhoro - Irekura Ibiranga: Mu butaka, APP irahinduka buhoro buhoro amazi ikagira orthophosphate, buhoro buhoro irekura ibintu vy’iphosphore kugira ngo itange ingaburo z’igihe kirekire ku bihingwa. Ugereranije n’ifumbire isanzwe y’amafosifate, irafise igihe kirekire co gukoresha neza ifumbire, igabanya igitigiri c’ifumbire, ituma ifumbire ikoreshwa neza, igabanya igiciro c’umwimbu w’uburimyi, kandi muri ico gihe nyene igabanura ukubura kw’ingaburo z’ubutaka n’uguhumana kw’ibidukikije bitewe n’ifumbire ziterwa n’ifumbire zikoreshwa kenshi. iterambere.

Ibindi bikoresho vy'inganda
Igikoresho co gusukura amazi: Nk’igikoresho co gusukura amazi, APP irashobora gukorana n’iyon zikomeye (nk’iyon za calcium na magnesium) ziri mu mazi kugira ngo zibe ibintu bidashobora gusenyuka, bikagabanya ubukomezi bw’amazi no kubuza gutera imbere mu miyoboro no mu bikoresho. Ishobora kandi gukora igipande co gukingira ku ruhande rw’imiyoboro y’ivyuma, igagira uruhara rwo kubuza uburozi no guhagarika uburozi bw’ivyuma, gutyo igatuma imiyoboro n’ibikoresho bimara igihe kirekire. Ikoreshwa cane mu bikoresho vy’amazi agendagenda mu nganda, mu gusukura amazi y’ibikoresho vy’amazi, no mu bindi bintu.

Ivyongera ku gupfuka: Mu buryo bwo gupfuka, APP irashobora gukora nk’ikintu co kuzigama, co kwica imigera, no gukuraho ifu. Bishobora gutuma iyo mpuzu ifata cane ku gipfukisho, bigatuma iyo mpuzu ifata cane ku ruhande rw’ikintu. Bishobora kwongereza inkomezi z’igipfukisho, bigatuma igipfukisho gishobora guhangana n’ugusambuka n’ugukomeretswa. Bishobora kandi gutuma igipfukisho gishobora guhinduka neza kandi kikaba kiringaniye, kigatuma igipfukisho gitera neza kandi kikaba kimwe, kandi kigatuma igipfukisho gitera neza muri rusangi be n’ingene gishaza.

Ibisobanuro

Urupapuro rwo kugenzura uburyo

Igenzura ry'uburyo n'ingingo mfatirwako zo kwubahiriza

Uburyo bwo gukora n'uburyo: Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo gutegura APP. Nk’akarorero, uburyo bwo gutera imvura bujanye n’ugutera umubare kanaka w’aside phosphorique mu mazi y’amoniyumu hanyuma ugashiramwo bikarbonate y’amoniyumu kugira ngo ikoreshe APP. Ubwo buryo burafise umwimbu munini kandi burayoroshe gukoresha. Uburyo bwo gukora polymérisation bukoresha aside polyphosphorique canke lactam yayo kugira ngo ikorane n’ibintu bimwe bimwe nk’aside acrylique kugira ngo umuntu aronke ibintu bikora neza. Ivyo bikoresho bikurikiza cane uburyo bwo kugenzura uburyo kugira ngo ibimenyetso nyamukuru nk’ubusuku bw’ibintu, urugero rw’uguhinduka kw’ibintu, n’ubukonje birimwo, bibe bihuye n’ingingo ngenderwako zihambaye z’inganda zitandukanye.

Gukurikiza amategeko: Ico kintu gihuye n’ingingo ngenderwako n’amabwirizwa bijanye n’inganda. Mu gukoresha ibikoresho bizibira umuriro, ihuye n’ingingo ngenderwako za 阻燃 nka UL 94. Mu gukoresha ifumbire, ihuye n’ingingo ngenderwako z’igihugu z’uburyo bw’ifumbire kugira ngo ikoreshwe neza kandi ata nkomanzi. Kuva ku gutanga ibikoresho vya mbere gushika ku gutanga ibicuruzwa, hakorwa igerageza rikomeye mu gihe cose kugira ngo hamenyekane ko igice cose c’ibicuruzwa kizoba ari co co kwizigirwa mu bijanye n’uburyo kandi kikaba gikomeye mu bijanye n’ubushobozi.

Ni kuki duhitamwo Polyphosphate Yacu y’Amoniyumu?

Waba ukora ibikorwa vyo guhingura ibikoresho bishobora gukingira ubuzima n’itunga, wibanda ku bushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’ifumbire kugira ngo ufashe umwimbu w’uburimyi, canke urondera ubuhinga bushasha mu bindi bikorwa vy’inganda, APP yacu ni yo uhisemwo wizigirwa. Turatanga ubufasha bushitse mu vy’ubuhinga bwo gufasha abakiriya mu gutuma ibintu bimera neza no gutorera umuti ingorane zo gukoresha. Hamwe n’uburyo bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa, turabona ko ibicuruzwa bishika ku gihe kandi bishikamye kugira ngo bishobore gushitsa ivyo mukeneye mu bijanye n’uguhingura ibintu ku rugero rutandukanye.

Gufungura uburyo bushasha bwo kwongereza ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho no kwagura ibikorwa n’ivyuma vy’agaciro vyitwa Ammonium Polyphosphate, no guhagarara imbere mu guhingura ibintu bishasha no guteza imbere inganda zitandukanye.