Ivyiza vya PVC SG3, SG5, SG7: Ubuhinga bugenewe gutorera umuti ibibazo vy'inganda kuva ku mpera kugeza ku mpera

Igishushanyo c'amamolekule n'ibiranga umubiri

SG3 (Ikigero co hejuru - Uguhinduranya)
Igikoresho gikozwe n’urugero rw’uguhinduka kw’ibintu 1300 - 1500 n’agaciro ka K - 70 - 72, iki gice gifise iminyororo miremire y’ibihimba vy’umubiri ituma ivyuma bishobora gufatwa n’ibintu bihinduka. - 250μm y’ugukwiragira kw’ibice vyayo bituma habaho ugukwiragira kumwe mu mibumbe y’ibirungo vyoroshe, bikaba vyemerera 25 - 35g y’ugufata ivyuma bitera ivyuma ku 100g y’ivyuma. Ivyo bituma umuntu agira uburebure budasanzwe iyo avunitse, ivyo bikaba bituma ari vyiza ku bikoresho bisaba gusubiramwo ata guca ibice.

SG5 (Ivyiyumviro vyinshi - Ikigero)
Ugereranije urugero rw’uguhinduka kw’ibintu 1000 - 1100 n’agaciro ka K - 65 - 67, SG5 itanga ikibanza co hagati gifise ubushobozi. Igitigiri caco c’ibice (0.45 - 0.58g/mL) gifasha gusohoka neza mu gusohora no gutera inshinge, mu gihe ukunywa kw’ibinyabuzima (20 - 28g/100g) gutuma umuntu ashobora kuva ku bihimba vy’imirongo bikomeye gushika ku bihimba vy’imirongo bikomeye. Uruzitiro rw’amamolekule rugabanya utunenge two gutunganya, bigatuma uruhome ruguma rukomeye mu gusohora imiyoboro.

SG7 (Icigwa c'ubuhinga bukomeye)
Kubera ko SG7 ifise urugero rw’uguhinduka kw’ibintu 700 - 850 n’agaciro ka K - 60 - 62, ishira imbere ubushobozi bwo gupakira ibintu kugira ngo bibe bikomeye. Igishushanyo caco c’ibice 40 - 180μm (uburemere 0.50 - 0.62g/mL) kigabanya ubusa mu bice bibumbwe, kigatuma umuntu ashobora guhangana n’ingaruka mu mirongo y’inyubako. Ivyo bishobora gutuma habaho imiterere ikomeye cane, mu gihe monomere ya vinyl isigaye ≤3μg/g ihuye n’ingingo ngenderwako z’umutekano w’ibifungurwa - gukorana n’ibifungurwa ku bikorwa vyo gupfunyika.

Gukoresha ibidukikije

SG3: Umuhinga mu bijanye no guhindura ibintu
Mu rwego rw’uburimyi, amafilime ashingiye kuri SG3 afise ivyungura 40 - 50 phr bikora ibipfukisho vy’inzu y’ivyatsi bikomeye vy’umuco w’izuba (UV), bikaba bihuza umuco n’inkomezi zo guhangana n’amarira. Ku bikorwa vy’ubuvuzi, ibiri muri yo bifise monomere ntoyi bituma habaho amatiyo yoroshe y’amamashini yo gusukura amaraso, mu gihe mu nkweto, irema inkweto zikomeye ziguma zifise ishusho mu gihe ubushuhe buhinduka.

SG5: Ifarasi y'akazi y'inganda
Abahinguzi b’imirongo bakoresha ubuhinga bwa SG5 bufise ubushobozi bwa 10 - 20 phr kugira ngo bashobore guhingura ivyuma bishobora gukingira umuriro ku bikoresho vy’amashanyarazi, bifatanya ivyuma bikingira amashanyarazi n’ugukomera kw’ivyuma. Mu kwubaka, irasohoka ikaja mu bipande vy’amadirisho bishobora gukingira ibihe, aho ubukomezi bwayo buringaniye bushobora kunanira ugusenyuka kw’ikirere citwa ozone. Ibihimba vy’imodoka bibumbwe n’urushinge, nk’ibikoresho vyo gukingira umuryango, birangukira ku ngaruka zavyo - inkomezi - n’uburemere.

SG7: Umukinyi w'Ubukomeye
Uburyo bw’amazi y’inganda bwishingikiriza ku bushobozi buhambaye bwa SG7 ku matiyo y’amazi y’imyanda ashobora guhangana n’imiti n’amazi y’amazi ashobora gukoreshwa n’umuvuduko. Ivyuma vy’amadirisho vy’inyuma, iyo bivanze n’umuyagankuba witwa titanium dioxide, vyerekana ibara ridasanzwe mu bidukikije vyo hanze. Abahinguzi b’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none barayikoresha mu gukora amazu y’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none, bagakoresha neza ukuntu iguma ikomeye mu gihe c’iteraniro ry’ubushuhe bwinshi.

Uburyo bwo gutunganya neza

Ugucungera ubushuhe
SG3 isaba ko ubushuhe bugenzurwa cane (160 - 180°C) kugira ngo ntibubore vuba; mbere n’aho ubushuhe burenze 10°C burashobora gutuma aside hydrochlorique irekurwa, bigatuma ihinduka umuhondo. Mu buryo bunyuranye, SG7 yihanganira 180 - 200°C gutunganya, bikaba vyemerera ibipimo vy’ugusohora vyihuta ku matiyo manini - uburebure, naho nyene kurenga 210°C bishobora gutuma uruzitiro rw’ibihimba rw’umubiri ruca.

Ubuhinga bwo kwongerako
Guhagarara: SG3 isaba 1 - 2 phr y’ibihagarara bikozwe mu bihimba vy’umubiri bifise calcium - zinc kugira ngo birwanye ugusenyuka kw’ubushuhe mu gihe c’ugukora ibikoresho vy’ivyuma vyinshi, mu gihe SG7 ikeneye gusa 0.5 - 1 phr kubera umubabaro uterwa n’ivyuma bitera ivyuma bigabanywa.
Gutera amavuta: Ivyiyumviro vyose vyungukira ku 0.2 - 0.5 phr y’ibishashara vya polyethylene, ariko SG3 ishobora gusaba imiti myinshi kugira ngo igabanye ugushikana kw’imbere mu bihimba vy’umubiri vyoroshe.
Ivyongeyeko bikora: Antioxydants mu mibumbe ya SG7 iramba ubuzima bwo hanze, mu gihe ivyuma bihindura ingaruka muri SG5 bituma umuntu ashobora guhangana n’imitsi ku bikorwa vy’ubukonje - imihindagurikire y’ikirere.

Ubuhinga bwiza cane mu guhingura amaresini

Mu gushiramwo ubuhinga bw’amamolekule n’igerageza rishingiye ku gukoresha, ibikorwa vyacu vya SG3, SG5, SG7 biraha ubushobozi abahinguzi bwo kurenga imipaka ya PVC ya kera. Kuva ku guhinduranya bisabwa ku bikoresho vy’ubuvuzi bikoreshwa rimwe gusa gushika ku butungane bw’imibumbe busabwa n’ubwubatsi bw’amazu maremare, izo rezine zirimwo uguhuza ubuhinga bwa siyansi n’ubuhinga bwo gukora mu nganda—bishiraho ibipimo bishasha vy’ibisubizo vy’ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwa none.

Ibisobanuro

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