Isi yose - Propylene Glycol ya mbere: Igikoresho gikora vyinshi

Ibiranga umubiri n'imiti

Uko bisa n'akamoto: Propylene glycol iboneka nk’amazi atagira ibara, agaragara kandi akomeye. Ifise uburyohe bukeyi kandi hafi nta n’akamoto igira, ivyo bikaba bituma ibereye gukoreshwa aho bisabwa ko umuntu agira ubushobozi bwo gutahura ibintu ataco akora.

Uguhinduka: Igaragaza ubushobozi bwiza cane bwo kwivanga, kuko ishobora kwivanga bimwe bishitse n’amazi, éthanol, éther, acetone, chloroforme be n’ibindi bintu vyinshi bivangwa n’ibinyabuzima. Ivyo bituma ikora neza nk’ikintu gishobora gutuma ibintu bimera neza mu buryo butandukanye.

Ibintu nyamukuru bihoraho: Kubera ko propylene glycol ifise uburemere bwa molar bugera kuri 76,09 g/mol, ifise uburemere bugera kuri 1,036 g/cm3 ku bushuhe bwa 25°C, bukaba ari uburemere burengeye gatoyi amazi. Igishushanyo caco ni - 59°C, bikaba bituma kiguma ari amazi mu bice vy’ubushuhe vyinshi. Igishushanyo c’ubushuhe gihagaze ku 188,2°C mu gihe c’umuvuduko usanzwe, ivyo bikaba vyerekana ko gihagaze mu bushuhe busanzwe bwo mu bidukikije. Igikoresho co gucana ni kinini cane, hafi 99°C (gifunze - igikombe), bikagabanya ingorane zo gucana mu mpanuka.

Inyishu y'imiti: Nk’uko ari diol, propylene glycol irashobora kugira uruhara mu bikorwa bitandukanye vy’imiti bimenyerewe mu mirwi y’inzoga. Ishobora guhingura ama estere iyo ikoranye n’aside carboxylique, ivyo bikaba ari ngirakamaro cane mu gukora ibintu vyinshi vy’inganda n’ivy’abaguzi. Vyongeye, irashobora gushikirwa n’ibintu biva mu gutakaza amazi mu bihe bimwebimwe, bikaba bituma habaho ama etere agendagenda mu bihimba vy’umubiri canke ama polymère yo mu bihimba vy’umubiri.

Uturere two gukoresha

Inganda z'Ivyokurya n'Ibinyobwa: Propylène glycol ikora ibikorwa vyinshi muri uwo muce. Ikora nk’ikintu gitera ubukonje, igafasha kugumya ubukonje mu biribwa nk’ibifungurwa vy’imikate, ibifungurwa vy’ibitoke, n’ibifungurwa vy’amata, gutyo bikaba bituma bimara igihe kirekire kandi bikaguma bimeze neza. Nk’ikintu gishobora gusenyura, gikoreshwa mu gusenyura uburyohe, amabara n’ibintu bizigama, kugira ngo bigabanye mu buryo bumwe mu mibumbe y’ibifungurwa n’ibinyobwa. Nk’akarorero, rikunda gusangwa mu mazi atera uburyohe mu binyobwa bimota neza be no mu vyo gutwara amavuta y’agaciro mu vyo kurya. Iremewe kandi nk’ikintu co kwongera mu biribwa (E1520) mu Bumwe bw’Uburayi, kandi muri rusangi yemewe ko ataco ihungabanya (GRAS) n’Ishirahamwe ry’Ibifungurwa n’Imiti ryo muri Amerika (FDA) iyo ikoreshejwe mu rugero rwategekanijwe.

Inganda zikora imiti: Mu vy’imiti, propylène glycol irafise uruhara runini. Ikoreshwa cane nk’ikintu co gusenyura imiti idashobora gusenyuka mu mazi, ivyo bikaba bituma ishobora guhindurwa imiti yo mu kanwa, iyo guterwa mu mubiri be n’iyo guterwa ku ruhu. Nk’akarorero, mu miti myinshi yo mu kanwa iri mu mazi, propylene glycol irafasha gusenyura ibirungo vy’imiti bikora, bigatuma umuntu ashobora gufata neza imiti. Mu miti ikoreshwa ku ruhu nk’amavuta n’amavuta, ikora nk’ikintu gitera ubukonje n’ikintu co kwinjira mu mubiri, kigatuma urukoba rushobora gufata neza imiti. Irafise kandi ubushobozi bumwebumwe bwo kurwanya imigera n’ibicurane, ivyo bikaba bifasha mu kuzigama ibintu biva mu miti.

Ivyo kwisiga no kwitwararika umuntu: Propylene glycol ni ikintu nyamukuru gikoreshwa mu bikoresho vyinshi vyo kwisiga no kwitaho umuntu. Mu bikoresho vyo kwitaho urukoba nk’ivyo gutonyanga, ivyuma vyo gusukura urukoba, n’ivyo gusukura urukoba, bikora nk’ivyo gutonyanga, bikakura ubukonje mu kirere bikabufatanya n’urukoba, gutyo urukoba ruguma rufise amazi. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo gusenyura buratuma ishobora gusenyura ibirungo bitandukanye bikora be n’imibavu, ivyo bikaba bituma bishobora gukwiragira mu bicuruzwa. Ikoreshwa kandi mu bikoresho vyo kwitwararika umushatsi nk’amashampoo n’amavuta yo gusukura umushatsi kugira ngo ushiremwo neza kandi ifashe mu gushikana ibirungo vy’ingirakamaro ku mutwe w’umusatsi. Mu gutera imisumari, propylene glycol ikora nk’ikintu gitera umupira, kikabuza iyo misumari gusenyuka no guca ibice bitagoranye.

Ibikorwa vy'inganda: Propylene glycol ni ikintu gihambaye mu guhingura ibikoresho bitandukanye vy’inganda. Ni igikoresho nyamukuru mu guhingura amaresine y’ivyuma bitagiramwo amazi, akoreshwa cane mu guhingura ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma. Izo pulasitike zikoreshwa mu bikorwa nk’ivy’imodoka, ivy’ubwubatsi, n’ivy’amazi, kubera ubukomezi bwazo bwinshi - n’uburemere bwazo be n’uko zidashobora gusenyuka. Mu bijanye n’imiduga, imiti igabanya ubukonje n’iyikonjesha ishingiye kuri propylene glycol irakoreshwa mu gutunganya ubushuhe bwa moteri, bikabuza gushuha cane no gukonja. Ikora kandi nk’ikinyobwa n’ikintu gitwara ibintu mu gupfuka, mu kwingira no mu gufatanya, ivyo bikaba bituma bikora neza kandi bikaba bikora neza.

Uburyo bwo kwitegura

Epoxy Propane Ihindura Amazi: Ubu ni bumwe mu buryo busanzwe bukoreshwa mu nganda. Muri iyo nzira, epoxy propane (oxyde de propylène) irakorana n’amazi iyo hari ikintu gitera amazi. Ivyo bishobora gushika mu bihe bitandukanye. Mu buryo bwo gutera amazi mu buryo butaziguye, ubushuhe bwinshi (hafi 150 - 200°C) n’umuvuduko (0,98 - 2,94 MPa) birakoreshwa, n’igipimo c’amazi - ku - epoxy propane gisanzwe kiri hafi 20. by - ibintu na vyo nyene biravyarwa. Ubundi buryo ni ubwo gukoresha aside - catalysed hydrolysis, aho hashirwamwo agace gatoyi k’ibintu bitera aside (nk’aside sulfurique). Ivyo bikorwa bikorwa ku bushuhe buri hasi cane (50 - 70°C), kandi igicuruzwa kivamwo gikeneye gukurwamwo ubumara no gusukurwa biciye mu buryo nk’ugusukura amazi mu mwuka kugira ngo haboneke propylene glycol y’ubusuku bwinshi.

Ihinduka ry'amazi ry'amazi: Glycérol ishobora gukoreshwa nk’ikintu nyamukuru co guhingura propylène glycol. Muri ubwo buryo, glycerol ibanza gukora protonation y’imigwi yayo y’amazi, hanyuma igakurikirwa n’ugutakaza amazi mu bihimba vy’umubiri kugira ngo ikore ibintu biri hagati nk’ivyo bita enols na keto - aldehyde tautomers. Ivyo bihimba vyo hagati bica bihinduka hydrogène iyo hari ikintu gitera umuringa (nk’ikintu gitera umuringa), amaherezo bikavamwo 1,2 - propylene glycol. Ubwo buryo burafise akamaro ko gukoresha ikintu gishobora gusubirwamwo (glycerol), gishobora kuronswa mu bibanza nk’uguhingura biodiesel.

Uburyo bw'ubuhinga bushasha: Hari utunyabugingo dutoduto, nk’ubwoko bumwebumwe bw’imigera be n’umusemburo, turashobora guhindurwa kugira ngo tuvemwo propylene glycol biciye ku buryo bwo gutuma ibintu bimera. Nk’akarorero, mu guhindura ivy’ivyaduka vy’ibikoko bita Escherichia coli canke Klebsiella pneumoniae, birashobora guhindurwa isukari (nk’isukari) canke glycérol bikagira propylène glycol. Ubwo buryo bw’ubuhinga bwa none burabungabunga ibidukikije ugereranije n’uburyo bwa kera bwo gukoresha imiti, kuko bukora mu bihe bimeze neza kandi bushobora gukoresha inkomoko z’umuyagankuba zishobora gusubirwamwo. Ariko rero, ubushobozi n’igiciro c’ubwo buryo biracari ivy’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere.

Ukwirinda

Ivyiyumviro ku buzima: Naho muri rusangi propylene glycol ibonwa ko ataco ihungabanya iyo ikoreshejwe mu vyo kurya, mu miti, no mu bikoresho vyo kwisiga mu rugero rwemewe, iyo umuntu ayikoresheje cane canke akayinywa birashobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku buzima. Gufata ibintu vyinshi bishobora gutuma umuntu agira ibimenyetso nk’ugusesa amaraso, gukorora, n’ugucika intege. Mu bihe bikomeye cane, birashobora gutuma umuntu agira aside y’ibihimba vy’umubiri, ni ukuvuga umubiri wirundanira aside nyinshi cane. Urukoba rwo gukorana n’ivyo bita propylene glycol vyinshi bishobora gutuma abantu bamwebamwe bashavura cane cane abafise urukoba rudakomeye. Gufata urukoba igihe kirekire canke gusubiramwo bikwiye kwirindwa. Iyo ikoreshejwe mu bibanza vy’inganda, ni ngombwa ko umuntu akoresha umwuka mwiza kugira ngo umuntu ntahumeke umwotsi wa propylene glycol, kuko guhumeka cane bishobora gutuma umuntu adashobora guhema neza.

Ivyago vy'umuriro n'uguturika: Propylène glycol irashobora kwaka, naho nyene ifise ubushobozi bwo kwaka cane. Umwotsi wayo urashobora guhingura ibintu bishobora guturika bivanze n’ikirere mu bihe bimwebimwe. Aho kubika no gukoresha ibintu bikwiye gushirwa kure y’imbeya zifunguye, ibishashi be n’ibindi bishobora gutuma umuriro ugurumana. Ivyombo vyo kubikamwo ibintu bishobora guhangana n’umuriro be n’ibikoresho bikwiye vyo guzimya umuriro bikwiye kuba biri ahantu habikwa canke hakoreshwa propylene glycol.
Ingaruka ku bidukikije: Naho propylene glycol ishobora gusenyuka, iyo isohotse mu bidukikije cane cane mu mazi, birashobora kugira ingaruka. Mu binyabuzima vyo mu mazi, birashobora kurya umwuka w’ikirere uko bibora, bikaba bishobora kugira ico bikoze ku buzima bwo mu mazi. Ku bw’ivyo, hakwiye kubaho uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga neza imyanda no kuyizibira kugira ngo ntihagire propylene glycol isohoka mu bidukikije ataco igenzura.

Ibisobanuro

Urupapuro rwo kugenzura uburyo