Glyphosate: Igikoresho gikoreshwa cane kandi gihambaye mu vy'uburimyi

Ibisabwa bikomeye

Mu buhinzi, glyphosate ni umuti w’imfuruka wo kwica ivyatsi. Ikora mu guhagarika umuti witwa EPSPS mu bimera. Iyo enzyme ni ngirakamaro cane mu guhingura aside amino zimota neza, zikaba ari ngirakamaro kugira ngo ibitegwa bikure kandi bitere imbere. Mu guhagarika iyo enzyme, glyphosate irahungabanya uburyo busanzwe bwo guhindura ibiribwa vy’icatsi kibi, bigatuma buhorobuhoro kimera nk’icatsi kibi kigapfa. Kamere yayo y’urutonde ituma ishobora gufatwa n’amababi ikajanwa mu giterwa cose, igaca yica neza ibice vyo hejuru - hasi n’ivyo munsi y’ubutaka vy’icatsi kibi, harimwo n’imizi. Ivyo bituma ari ngirakamaro cane mu kugenzura ivyatsi bibi bihoraho bigoye kurandurwa.

Glyphosate ihuye n’uburyo butandukanye bwo gutera. Mu bihingwa vyahinduwe mu buryo bw’ivy’ivyaduka (GM) vyahinduwe kugira ngo bishobore kwihanganira glyphosate - nk’ibitoke vya soya, ibigori, n’ipampa, birashobora guterwa ataco bimaze ku bihingwa biriko birakura kugira ngo bigenzure icatsi kibi ataco bikoze ku giterwa ubwaco. Ivyo vyahinduye cane uburyo bwo kurima, bituma habaho ugucungera neza kandi ku rugero runini rwo gucungera icatsi kibi, bigabanya ivy’ugukoresha ubuhinga bwo kurima no kugabanya ugusenyuka kw’ubutaka. Ikindi, mu bihingwa bitahinduwe mu buryo bw’ubuhinga bwa none, glyphosate ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukingira icatsi kibi imbere yo gutera canke inyuma y’iyimbura, gutegura ubutaka bwo kubiba canke kumenya ko ahantu himbuwe haguma ata catsi kibi.

Uretse uburimyi, glyphosate iraronka kandi ibikorwa mu bice bitagira ibiterwa. Ikoreshwa mu gucungera icatsi kibi mu bibanza vy’inganda, ku nkengera z’inzira, ku binogo vy’amagariyamoshi no mu micungararo y’aho amazi akoreshwa. Mu kuguma muri ivyo bibanza bitagiramwo ivyatsi bidakenewe, birafasha kubungabunga ibikorwa remezo, bikagabanya ingorane z’umuriro, kandi bikaba bituma haba umutekano mwiza.

Naho glyphosate ifise akamaro kanini, yaratumye habaho impaka zimwe zimwe. Hariho ivyiyumviro vyashikirijwe ku bijanye n’ingaruka bishobora kugira ku bidukikije no ku buzima bw’abantu. Ivyigwa bimwebimwe vyerekanye ko hariho isano ryoba rifitaniye isano n’ibibazo bimwebimwe bijanye n’amagara, naho nyene abahinga baguma bahuriyeko ku bijanye n’ivyo bintu. Ivyo vyatumye abajejwe gucungera amategeko kw’isi yose baguma bakurikiranira hafi ukuntu ikoreshwa, bagashira mu ngiro amategeko akomeye kuruta yerekeye ingero z’ugukoresha iyo miti, ukuntu umuntu yokwirinda be n’ivyo asabwa gushirako amazina.

Mu kubika, glyphosate ikwiye kubikwa ahantu hakanye kandi humye, kure y’umuco w’izuba n’ibintu bidahuye. Igihe umuntu akoresha umuti witwa glyphosate, akwiye kwambara ibikoresho bikwiye vyo kwikingira, nk’amaganzu, amataratara, n’impuzu zo kwikingira kugira ngo ntayimenyereze. Vyongeye, guta neza ikintu cose canke ibintu vyose bipfunyitswe bitakoreshejwe ni ngombwa kugira ngo ntibihumanye ibidukikije.

Ibisobanuro

Urupapuro rwo kugenzura uburyo

Mu ncamake

Mu ncamake, glyphosate, naho hariho impaka ziguma zikikuje ikoreshwa ryayo, iracari umuti w’ingenzi mu buhinzi bwa none no mu gucungera icatsi kibi kitari mu bihingwa. Uko ikora neza, ishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bwinshi, n’ingaruka zigira ku bijanye n’uburimyi, vyatumye igira uruhara runini mu guhingura ibifungurwa kw’isi yose. Uko ubushakashatsi bubandanya kandi amategeko akagenda aratera imbere, kazoza ka glyphosate kazoba karimwo uburinganire hagati y’ivyiza vyayo n’utwigoro two gutorera umuti ingorane zijanye n’ivyo.